HOUSTON, May 06, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Par Pacific Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: PARR) (“Par Pacific” or the “Company”) today reported its financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2020.
First Quarter 2020 Highlights
- Net Loss of $222.3 million, or $(4.18) per diluted share
- Adjusted Net Loss of $30.2 million, or $(0.57) per diluted share
- Adjusted EBITDA of $10.7 million
Response to COVID-19 Demand Downturn
- 2020 expected cash outlays to be reduced by approximately $150 million, including approximately $65 to $70 million in cost of sales related to the decline in crude oil prices and reduced interest rates
- Refinery production adjusted at each location to address reduced local market demand
- Deferral of Hawaii turnaround to at least the third quarter of 2020 to address state-mandated quarantine and social distancing restrictions
Par Pacific reported a net loss of $222.3 million, or $(4.18) per diluted share, for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, compared to net income of $61.1 million, or $1.14 per diluted share, for the same quarter in 2019. First quarter 2020 net loss includes non-cash items of approximately $185.6 million primarily related to the lower of cost or market inventory valuation adjustments, net of offsetting gains recorded in connection with inventory financing agreements liabilities, and impairment charges associated with goodwill and the Company’s investment in Laramie Energy. First quarter 2020 Adjusted Net Loss was $30.2 million, compared to Adjusted Net Income of $6.4 million in the first quarter of 2019. First quarter 2020 Adjusted EBITDA was $10.7 million, compared to $47.6 million in the first quarter of 2019. A reconciliation of reported non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in the tables accompanying this news release.
“Despite the extraordinary uncertainty and market volatility from the COVID-19 pandemic and other significant macroeconomic factors, I am pleased with the measures we have aggressively implemented to reduce our costs, optimize our asset base, and maintain flexibility over the coming months,” said William Pate, President and Chief Executive Officer of Par Pacific. “We are confident in the durability of our business through the market cycle and our ability to deliver long-term value to our stakeholders. The health and safety of our employees and communities, along with our commitment to supplying our local markets, remain our primary focus.”
Refining
The Refining segment reported an operating loss of $168.6 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to operating income of $14.4 million in the first quarter of 2019. Adjusted Gross Margin for the Refining segment was $36.6 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $85.7 million in the first quarter of 2019. Among other steps to reduce costs, the Company recently furloughed 29 employees. Considering the current environment and the impact of COVID-19, Par Pacific’s President and Chief Executive Officer and the independent members of the Company’s Board of Directors have reduced their cash salaries by 75%.
Refining Adjusted EBITDA was $(15.6) million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $30.4 million in the first quarter of 2019.
Hawaii
The 3-1-2 Singapore Crack Spread was $8.11 per barrel in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $9.15 per barrel in the first quarter of 2019. The Hawaii refineries’ throughput in the first quarter of 2020 was a combined 95 thousand barrels per day (Mbpd), compared to 113 Mbpd for the same quarter in 2019. Production costs were $3.36 per throughput barrel in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $2.81 per throughput barrel in the same period in 2019.
Washington
The Pacific Northwest 5-2-2-1 Index averaged $13.24 per barrel in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $11.09 per barrel in the first quarter of 2019. The Washington refinery’s throughput was 41 Mbpd in the first quarter of 2020, compared to 37 Mbpd in the first quarter of 2019. Production costs were $3.40 per throughput barrel in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $4.87 per throughput barrel in the same period in 2019. We completed the acquisition of U.S. Oil & Refining Co. on January 11, 2019.
Wyoming
During the first quarter of 2020, the Wyoming 3-2-1 Index averaged $15.86 per barrel, compared to $15.09 per barrel in the first quarter of 2019. The Wyoming refinery’s throughput was 16 Mbpd in the first quarter of 2020, compared to 16 Mbpd in the first quarter of 2019. Production costs were $6.51 per throughput barrel in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $7.69 per throughput barrel in the same period in 2019.
The Wyoming refinery's Adjusted Gross Margin of $(0.81) per barrel during the first quarter of 2020 reflects a negative FIFO (First in, First out) impact of approximately $14.5 million, or $10.12 per barrel, due to the decline in crude oil prices during the quarter.
Retail
The Retail segment reported an operating loss of $18.1 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to operating income of $10.1 million in the first quarter of 2019. The operating loss during the first quarter of 2020 is due primarily to a goodwill impairment charge of $29.8 million. Adjusted Gross Margin for the Retail segment was $31.4 million in the first quarter of 2020 and $28.5 million in the same quarter of 2019.
Retail Adjusted EBITDA was $14.5 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $12.4 million in the first quarter of 2019. The Retail segment reported sales volumes of 28.4 million gallons in the first quarter of 2020, compared to 29.7 million gallons in the same quarter of 2019.
Logistics
The Logistics segment reported operating income of $18.8 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $12.4 million in the first quarter of 2019. Adjusted Gross Margin for the Logistics segment was $27.7 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $18.7 million in the same quarter of 2019.
Logistics Adjusted EBITDA was $23.4 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $16.3 million in the first quarter of 2019.
Laramie Energy
Equity losses from Laramie in the first quarter of 2020 were $45.0 million, compared to equity earnings of $0.3 million in the first quarter of 2019. Laramie’s total net income was $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to net loss of $3.0 million in the first quarter of 2019. Laramie’s total Adjusted EBITDAX was $11.9 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $20.2 million in the first quarter of 2019.
Liquidity
Net cash provided by operations totaled $14.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to net cash used in operations of $56.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. At March 31, 2020, Par Pacific’s cash balance totaled $62.1 million, long-term debt totaled $609.9 million, and total liquidity was $136.5 million.
Conference Call Information
A conference call is scheduled for Thursday, May 7, 2020 at 9:00 a.m. Central Time (10:00 a.m. Eastern Time). To access the call, please dial 1-855-327-6837 inside the U.S. or 1-631-891-4304 outside the U.S. and ask for the Par Pacific call. Please dial in at least 10 minutes early to register. The webcast may be accessed online through the Company’s website at http://www.parpacific.com on the Investor Relations page. A telephone replay will be available until May 21, 2020 and may be accessed by calling 1-844-512-2921 inside the U.S. or 1-412-317-6671 outside the U.S. and using the conference ID 10009301.
About Par Pacific
Par Pacific Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: PARR), headquartered in Houston, Texas, owns and operates market-leading energy, infrastructure, and retail businesses. Par Pacific’s strategy is to acquire and develop businesses in logistically complex markets. Par Pacific owns and operates one of the largest energy networks in Hawaii with 148,000 bpd of combined refining capacity, a logistics system supplying the major islands of the state and 91 retail locations. In the Pacific Northwest and the Rockies, Par Pacific owns and operates 60,000 bpd of combined refining capacity, related multimodal logistics systems, and 33 retail locations. Par Pacific also owns 46% of Laramie Energy, LLC, a natural gas production company with operations and assets concentrated in Western Colorado. More information is available at www.parpacific.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
This news release (and oral statements regarding the subject matter of this news release, including those made on the conference call and webcast announced herein) includes certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are intended to qualify for the “safe harbor” from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements about: expected market conditions; expected refinery throughput; anticipated capital expenditures, including major maintenance costs, and their effect on our financial and operating results, including earnings per share and free cash flow; anticipated retail sales volumes and on-island sales; the anticipated financial and operational results of Laramie Energy, LLC; the amount of our discounted net cash flows and the impact of our NOL carryforwards thereon; our ability to identify, acquire and operate energy, related retailing and infrastructure companies with attractive competitive positions; the timing and expected results of certain development projects, including Par Pacific’s investment in an isomerization unit and diesel hydrotreater, as well as the impact of such investments on Par Pacific’s product mix and on-island sales; our expectations regarding the impact of COVID-19 on our business, including turnaround delay and an anticipated reduction in cash outlays, operating expenses, capital expenses and cost of sales; and other risks and uncertainties detailed in Par Pacific’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and any other documents that Par Pacific files with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Additionally, forward looking statements are subject to certain risks, trends, and uncertainties, such as changes to financial condition and liquidity; the volatility of crude oil and refined product prices; operating disruptions at our refineries resulting from unplanned maintenance events or natural disasters; uncertainties inherent in estimating oil, natural gas and NGL reserves; environmental risks; and risks of political or regulatory changes. Par Pacific cannot provide assurances that the assumptions upon which these forward-looking statements are based will prove to have been correct. Should one of these risks materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements, and investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are current only as of this date. Additionally, significant uncertainties remain with respect to COVID-19 and its economic effects. Due to the unpredictable and unprecedented nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, we cannot identify all potential risks to, and impacts on, our business, including the ultimate adverse economic impact to the Company’s results of operations, financial position and liquidity. However, the adverse impact of COVID-19 on the Company has been and will likely continue to be material. There can be no guarantee that the operational and financial measures the Company has taken, and may take in the future, will be fully effective. Par Pacific does not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements made herein or any other forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The Company further expressly disclaims any written or oral statements made by a third party regarding the subject matter of this news release.
Contact:
Ashimi Patel
Manager, Investor Relations
(832) 916-3355
apatel@parpacific.com
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,204,083 | $ | 1,191,335 | |||
| Operating expenses | |||||||
| Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation) | 1,210,211 | 1,060,732 | |||||
| Operating expense (excluding depreciation) | 73,391 | 73,674 | |||||
| Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | 21,283 | 20,957 | |||||
| Impairment expense | 67,922 | — | |||||
| General and administrative expense (excluding depreciation) | 11,784 | 11,665 | |||||
| Acquisition and integration costs | 665 | 2,884 | |||||
| Total operating expenses | 1,385,256 | 1,169,912 | |||||
| Operating income (loss) | (181,173 | ) | 21,423 | ||||
| Other income (expense) | |||||||
| Interest expense and financing costs, net | (18,674 | ) | (18,710 | ) | |||
| Debt extinguishment and commitment costs | — | (5,496 | ) | ||||
| Other income, net | 24 | 87 | |||||
| Change in value of common stock warrants | 4,270 | (1,282 | ) | ||||
| Equity earnings (losses) from Laramie Energy, LLC | (45,031 | ) | 301 | ||||
| Total other income (expense), net | (59,411 | ) | (25,100 | ) | |||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (240,584 | ) | (3,677 | ) | |||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 18,247 | 64,769 | |||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (222,337 | ) | $ | 61,092 | ||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | |||||||
| Basic | 53,153 | 49,127 | |||||
| Diluted | 53,153 | 55,550 | |||||
| Income (loss) per share | |||||||
| Basic | $ | (4.18 | ) | $ | 1.23 | ||
| Diluted | $ | (4.18 | ) | $ | 1.14 | ||
Balance Sheet Data
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| March 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||
| Balance Sheet Data | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 62,080 | $ | 126,015 | |||
| Working capital (1) | (165,122 | ) | (115,866 | ) | |||
| Debt, including current portion | 609,889 | 611,931 | |||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 430,388 | 648,242 | |||||
________________________________________
(1)Working capital is calculated as (i) total current assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents less (ii) total current liabilities, excluding current portion of long-term debt. Total current assets include inventories stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value.
Operating Statistics
The following table summarizes certain operational data:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
| Total Refining Segment | |||||||
| Feedstocks Throughput (Mbpd) (1) | 151.5 | 162.3 | |||||
| Refined product sales volume (Mbpd) (1) | 179.7 | 166.0 | |||||
| Hawaii Refineries | |||||||
| Combined Feedstocks Throughput (Mbpd) | 94.9 | 113.0 | |||||
| Par East Throughput (Mbpd) | 69.8 | 72.5 | |||||
| Par West Throughput (Mbpd) | 25.1 | 40.5 | |||||
| Yield (% of total throughput) | |||||||
| Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks | 24.7 | % | 22.8 | % | |||
| Distillates | 48.1 | % | 42.5 | % | |||
| Fuel oils | 22.3 | % | 29.0 | % | |||
| Other products | 0.6 | % | 2.1 | % | |||
| Total yield | 95.7 | % | 96.4 | % | |||
| Refined product sales volume (Mbpd) | |||||||
| On-island sales volume | 119.5 | 106.9 | |||||
| Exports sales volume | — | 5.7 | |||||
| Total refined product sales volume | 119.5 | 112.6 | |||||
| Adjusted Gross Margin per bbl ($/throughput bbl) (2) | $ | 0.24 | $ | 3.74 | |||
| Production costs per bbl ($/throughput bbl) (3) | 3.36 | 2.81 | |||||
| DD&A per bbl ($/throughput bbl) | 0.33 | 0.44 | |||||
| Washington Refinery | |||||||
| Feedstocks Throughput (Mbpd) (1) | 40.9 | 37.2 | |||||
| Yield (% of total throughput) | |||||||
| Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks | 23.4 | % | 24.2 | % | |||
| Distillate | 35.5 | % | 36.5 | % | |||
| Asphalt | 18.0 | % | 16.2 | % | |||
| Other products | 19.4 | % | 20.7 | % | |||
| Total yield | 96.3 | % | 97.6 | % | |||
| Refined product sales volume (Mbpd) (1) | 43.7 | 41.0 | |||||
| Adjusted Gross Margin per bbl ($/throughput bbl) (2) | $ | 9.14 | $ | 8.88 | |||
| Production costs per bbl ($/throughput bbl) (3) | 3.40 | 4.87 | |||||
| DD&A per bbl ($/throughput bbl) | 1.42 | 1.88 | |||||
| Wyoming Refinery | |||||||
| Feedstocks Throughput (Mbpd) | 15.7 | 16.2 | |||||
| Yield (% of total throughput) | |||||||
| Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks | 51.0 | % | 52.8 | % | |||
| Distillate | 44.7 | % | 41.9 | % | |||
| Fuel oils | 1.6 | % | 1.5 | % | |||
| Other products | 0.6 | % | 0.8 | % | |||
| Three Months Ended December 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
| Wyoming Refinery (continued) | |||||||
| Total yield | 97.9 | % | 97.0 | % | |||
| Refined product sales volume (Mbpd) | 16.5 | 17.0 | |||||
| Adjusted Gross Margin per bbl ($/throughput bbl) (2) | $ | (0.81 | ) | $ | 14.55 | ||
| Production costs per bbl ($/throughput bbl) (3) | 6.51 | 7.69 | |||||
| DD&A per bbl ($/throughput bbl) | 3.40 | 2.65 | |||||
| Market Indices ($ per barrel) | |||||||
| 3-1-2 Singapore Crack Spread (4) | 8.11 | 9.15 | |||||
| Pacific Northwest 5-2-2-1 Index (5) | 13.24 | 11.09 | |||||
| Wyoming 3-2-1 Index (6) | 15.86 | 15.09 | |||||
| Crude Prices | |||||||
| Brent crude price | $ | 50.82 | $ | 63.83 | |||
| WTI crude price | 45.98 | 54.90 | |||||
| ANS | 52.27 | 64.09 | |||||
| Bakken Clearbrook | 42.67 | 54.84 | |||||
| WCS Hardisty | 27.96 | 44.26 | |||||
| Brent M1-M3 | (0.54 | ) | 0.07 | ||||
| Retail Segment | |||||||
| Retail sales volumes (thousands of gallons) | 28,441 | 29,734 | |||||
________________________________________
(1) Feedstocks throughput and sales volumes per day for the Washington refinery for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are calculated based on the 80-day period for which we owned the Washington refinery in 2019. As such, the amounts for the total refining segment represent the sum of the Hawaii and Wyoming refineries’ throughput or sales volumes averaged over the three months ended March 31, 2019 plus the Washington refinery’s throughput or sales volumes averaged over the period from January 11, 2019 to March 31, 2019. The 2020 amounts for the total refining segment represent the sum of the Hawaii, Washington, and Wyoming refineries’ throughput or sales volumes averaged over the three months ended March 31, 2020.
(2) We calculate Adjusted Gross Margin per barrel by dividing Adjusted Gross Margin by total refining throughput. Adjusted Gross Margin for our Washington refinery is determined under the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) inventory costing method. Adjusted Gross Margin for our other refineries is determined under the under the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) inventory costing method. Please see discussion of Adjusted Gross Margin below.
(3) Management uses production costs per barrel to evaluate performance and compare efficiency to other companies in the industry. There are a variety of ways to calculate production costs per barrel; different companies within the industry calculate it in different ways. We calculate production costs per barrel by dividing all direct production costs, which include the costs to run the refinery including personnel costs, repair and maintenance costs, insurance, utilities, and other miscellaneous costs, by total refining throughput. Our production costs are included in Operating expense (excluding depreciation) on our condensed consolidated statement of operations, which also includes costs related to our bulk marketing operations.
(4) After completing the acquisition of certain refining units from Island Energy Services on December 19, 2018, we began shifting our Hawaii production profile to supply the local utilities with low sulfur fuel oil and significantly reduced our high sulfur fuel oil yield. In 2020, following the implementation of IMO 2020, we established the 3-1-2 Singapore Crack Spread, or three barrels of Brent crude oil converted into one barrel of gasoline and two barrels of distillates (diesel and jet fuel), as a new benchmark for our Hawaii operations. By removing the high sulfur fuel oil reference in the index, we believe the 3-1-2 Singapore Crack Spread is the most representative market indicator of our current operations in Hawaii.
(5) We believe the Pacific Northwest 5-2-2-1 Index is the most representative market indicator for our operations in Tacoma, Washington. The Pacific Northwest 5-2-2-1 Index is computed by taking two parts gasoline (sub-octane), two parts middle distillates (ULSD and jet fuel), and one-part fuel oil as created from a barrel of Alaskan North Slope crude. The 2019 price for the three months ended March 31, 2019 represents the price averaged over the period from January 11, 2019 to March 31, 2019.
(6) The profitability of our Wyoming refinery is heavily influenced by crack spreads in nearby markets. We believe the Wyoming 3-2-1 Index is the most representative market indicator for our operations in Wyoming. The Wyoming 3-2-1 Index is computed by taking two parts gasoline and one-part distillate (ULSD) as created from three barrels of West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil (“WTI”). Pricing is based 50% on applicable product pricing in Rapid City, South Dakota, and 50% on applicable product pricing in Denver, Colorado.
Non-GAAP Performance Measures
Management uses certain financial measures to evaluate our operating performance that are considered non-GAAP financial measures. These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP and our calculations thereof may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Adjusted Gross Margin
Adjusted Gross Margin is defined as (i) operating income (loss) plus operating expense (excluding depreciation); impairment expense; inventory valuation adjustment (which adjusts for timing differences to reflect the economics of our inventory financing agreements, including lower of cost or net realizable value adjustments, the impact of the embedded derivative repurchase obligations, and purchase price allocation adjustments); DD&A; RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation (which represents the income statement effect of reflecting our RINs liability on a net basis); and unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives or (ii) revenues less cost of revenues (excluding depreciation) plus inventory valuation adjustment, unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives, and RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation. We define cost of revenues (excluding depreciation) as the hydrocarbon-related costs of inventory sold, transportation costs of delivering product to customers, crude oil consumed in the refining process, costs to satisfy our Renewable Identification Numbers (“RINs”) obligations, and certain hydrocarbon fees and taxes. Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation) also includes the unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and the inventory valuation adjustment that we exclude from Adjusted Gross Margin.
Management believes Adjusted Gross Margin is an important measure of operating performance and uses Adjusted Gross Margin per barrel to evaluate operating performance and compare profitability to other companies in the industry and to industry benchmarks. Management believes Adjusted Gross Margin provides useful information to investors because it eliminates the gross impact of volatile commodity prices and adjusts for certain non-cash items and timing differences created by our inventory financing agreements and lower of cost or net realizable value adjustments to demonstrate the earnings of the business before other fixed and variable costs, which are reported separately in Operating expense (excluding depreciation) and Depreciation, depletion, and amortization.
Adjusted Gross Margin should not be considered an alternative to operating income (loss), cash flows from operating activities, or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted Gross Margin presented by other companies may not be comparable to our presentation since each company may define this term differently as they may include other manufacturing costs and depreciation expense in cost of revenues.
The following tables present a reconciliation of Adjusted Gross Margin to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, operating income (loss), on a historical basis, for selected segments, for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| Three months ended March 31, 2020 | Refining | Logistics | Retail | ||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | $ | (168,570 | ) | $ | 18,776 | $ | (18,109 | ) | |||
| Operating expense (excluding depreciation) | 52,244 | 4,271 | 16,876 | ||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | 12,994 | 4,667 | 2,799 | ||||||||
| Impairment expense | 38,105 | — | 29,817 | ||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustment | 72,352 | — | — | ||||||||
| RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation | 6,602 | — | — | ||||||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives | 22,876 | — | — | ||||||||
| Adjusted Gross Margin (1) | $ | 36,603 | $ | 27,714 | $ | 31,383 | |||||
| Three months ended March 31, 2019 | Refining | Logistics | Retail | ||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | $ | 14,363 | $ | 12,419 | $ | 10,064 | |||||
| Operating expense (excluding depreciation) | 55,255 | 2,364 | 16,055 | ||||||||
| Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | 13,878 | 3,896 | 2,374 | ||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustment | 385 | — | — | ||||||||
| RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation | (4,512 | ) | — | — | |||||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives | 6,298 | — | — | ||||||||
| Adjusted Gross Margin (1) | $ | 85,667 | $ | 18,679 | $ | 28,493 | |||||
________________________________________
(1) There were no impairment losses recorded in Operating income (loss) by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted Net Income (Loss) is defined as Net income (loss) excluding changes in the value of contingent consideration and common stock warrants, acquisition and integration costs, unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, debt extinguishment and commitment costs, increase in (release of) tax valuation allowance and other deferred tax items, inventory valuation adjustment, severance costs, impairment expense, (gain) loss on sale of assets, Par’s share of Laramie Energy’s unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives, and RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation. Beginning in 2019, Adjusted Net Income (Loss) also excludes impairment expense associated with our investment in Laramie Energy and our share of Laramie Energy’s asset impairment losses in excess of our basis difference.
Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Net Income (Loss) excluding interest expense and financing costs, income taxes, DD&A, and equity losses (earnings) from Laramie Energy, excluding Par’s share of Laramie’s unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives. Beginning in 2019, equity losses (earnings) from Laramie Energy also excludes impairment of Par’s investment and our share of Laramie Energy’s asset impairment losses in excess of our basis difference.
We believe Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted EBITDA are useful supplemental financial measures that allow investors to assess:
- The financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods, capital structure, or historical cost basis;
- The ability of our assets to generate cash to pay interest on our indebtedness; and
- Our operating performance and return on invested capital as compared to other companies without regard to financing methods and capital structure.
Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for, operating income (loss), net income (loss), cash flows provided by operating, investing, and financing activities, or other income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted EBITDA presented by other companies may not be comparable to our presentation as other companies may define these terms differently.
The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, net income (loss), on a historical basis for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (222,337 | ) | $ | 61,092 | ||
| Inventory valuation adjustment | 72,352 | 385 | |||||
| RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation | 6,602 | (4,512 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives | 22,876 | 6,342 | |||||
| Acquisition and integration costs | 665 | 2,884 | |||||
| Debt extinguishment and commitment costs | — | 5,496 | |||||
| Changes in valuation allowance and other deferred tax items (1) | (18,373 | ) | (65,351 | ) | |||
| Change in value of common stock warrants | (4,270 | ) | 1,282 | ||||
| Severance costs | 149 | — | |||||
| Impairment expense | 67,922 | — | |||||
| Impairments of Laramie Energy, LLC (2) | 45,294 | — | |||||
| Par’s share of Laramie Energy’s unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives (2) | (1,110 | ) | (1,231 | ) | |||
| Adjusted Net Income (Loss) (3) | (30,230 | ) | 6,387 | ||||
| Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | 21,283 | 20,957 | |||||
| Interest expense and financing costs, net | 18,674 | 18,710 | |||||
| Equity losses (earnings) from Laramie Energy, LLC, excluding Par’s share of unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives and impairment losses | 847 | 930 | |||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 126 | 582 | |||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 10,700 | $ | 47,566 | |||
________________________________________
(1) Includes increases in (releases of) our valuation allowance associated with business combinations and changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities that are not offset by a change in the valuation allowance. These tax expenses (benefits) are included in Income tax benefit on our consolidated statements of operations.
(2) Included in Equity earnings (losses) from Laramie Energy, LLC on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
(3) For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, there was no (gain) loss on sale of assets or change in value of contingent consideration.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted Adjusted Net Income (Loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
| Adjusted Net Income (loss) | $ | (30,230 | ) | $ | 6,387 | ||
| Undistributed Adjusted Net Income allocated to participating securities (1) | — | 72 | |||||
| Adjusted Net Income attributable to common stockholders | (30,230 | ) | 6,315 | ||||
| Plus: effect of convertible securities | — | — | |||||
| Numerator for diluted income per common share | $ | (30,230 | ) | $ | 6,315 | ||
| Basic weighted-average common stock shares outstanding | 53,153 | 49,127 | |||||
| Add dilutive effects of common stock equivalents | — | 34 | |||||
| Diluted weighted-average common stock shares outstanding | 53,153 | 49,161 | |||||
| Basic Adjusted Net Income (loss) per common share | $ | (0.57 | ) | $ | 0.13 | ||
| Diluted Adjusted Net Income (loss) per common share | $ | (0.57 | ) | $ | 0.13 | ||
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(1) Participating securities include restricted stock that has been issued but has not yet vested during the three months ended March 31, 2019. These shares vested during the year ended December 31, 2019.
Adjusted EBITDA by Segment
Adjusted EBITDA by segment is defined as Operating income (loss) by segment excluding depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense, inventory valuation adjustment, unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives, severance costs, impairment expense, acquisition and integration costs, other income/expense, and RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation. Adjusted EBITDA for the Corporate and Other segment also includes Other income, net, which is presented below operating income (loss) on our consolidated statements of operations.
We believe Adjusted EBITDA by segment is a useful supplemental financial measure to evaluate the economic performance of our segments without regard to financing methods, capital structure, or historical cost basis. The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, operating income (loss), on a historical basis, for selected segments, for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||
| Refining | Logistics | Retail | Corporate and Other | ||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) by segment | $ | (168,570 | ) | $ | 18,776 | $ | (18,109 | ) | $ | (13,270 | ) | ||||
| Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | 12,994 | 4,667 | 2,799 | 823 | |||||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustment | 72,352 | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation | 6,602 | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives | 22,876 | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Acquisition and integration costs | — | — | — | 665 | |||||||||||
| Severance costs | 88 | — | — | 61 | |||||||||||
| Impairment expense | 38,105 | — | 29,817 | — | |||||||||||
| Other income/expense | — | — | — | 24 | |||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (15,553 | ) | $ | 23,443 | $ | 14,507 | $ | (11,697 | ) | |||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| Refining | Logistics | Retail | Corporate and Other | ||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) by segment | $ | 14,363 | $ | 12,419 | $ | 10,064 | $ | (15,423 | ) | ||||||
| Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | 13,878 | 3,896 | 2,374 | 809 | |||||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustment | 385 | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| RINs loss (gain) in excess of net obligation | (4,512 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives | 6,298 | — | — | 44 | |||||||||||
| Acquisition and integration costs | — | — | — | 2,884 | |||||||||||
| Other income/expense | — | — | — | 87 | |||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA (1) | $ | 30,412 | $ | 16,315 | $ | 12,438 | $ | (11,599 | ) | ||||||
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(1)There were no impairment losses or severance costs recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Laramie Energy Adjusted EBITDAX
Adjusted EBITDAX is defined as net income (loss) excluding commodity derivative loss (gain), loss (gain) on settled derivative instruments, interest expense, non-cash preferred dividend, depreciation, depletion, amortization, and accretion, exploration and geological and geographical expense, bonus accrual, equity-based compensation expense, loss (gain) on disposal of assets, pipeline (payment) deficiency accrual, and expired acreage (non-cash). We believe Adjusted EBITDAX is a useful supplemental financial measure to evaluate the economic and operational performance of exploration and production companies such as Laramie Energy.
The following table presents a reconciliation of Laramie Energy’s Adjusted EBITDAX to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, net income (loss) for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 574 | $ | (2,983 | ) | ||
| Commodity derivative loss (gain) | (3,451 | ) | 12,349 | ||||
| Gain (loss) on settled derivative instruments | 1,037 | (15,024 | ) | ||||
| Interest expense and loan fees | 2,294 | 2,991 | |||||
| Non-cash preferred dividend | 1,607 | 1,244 | |||||
| Depreciation, depletion, amortization, and accretion | 9,944 | 21,989 | |||||
| Exploration and geological and geographical expense | 38 | 63 | |||||
| Bonus accrual | (391 | ) | 738 | ||||
| Equity-based compensation expense | 8 | 71 | |||||
| Loss (gain) on disposal of assets | 161 | (81 | ) | ||||
| Pipeline (payment) deficiency accrual | — | (1,162 | ) | ||||
| Expired acreage (non-cash) | 37 | 22 | |||||
| Total Adjusted EBITDAX | $ | 11,858 | $ | 20,217 | |||